Luxembourg · Living

Three languages.
One year to swap.

French runs daily life, English runs finance, Luxembourgish runs identity — and your US or Canadian driving licence runs out of legal road 12 months after you arrive. The practical stuff, sourced and dated.

Figures verified 9 July 2026
The key numbers · 2026
  • 3 administrative languages (law of 1984): Luxembourgish, French, German
  • 98% of residents speak French · 80% English · 78% German · 77% Luxembourgish (Ministry of Education study)
  • 1 year — the deadline to exchange a US/Canadian driving licence after taking residence
  • €30 — licence transcription fee via the SNCA
  • €0 — public transport nationwide, since 29 February 2020
  • 46.6% of the population is foreign — 180 nationalities (STATEC, 1 Jan 2026)

The trilingual reality, without romance

Luxembourg legislates in French, schools children in German and Luxembourgish, and does business in English. For a newcomer aged 50–70: French is the language you need — shops, doctors, communes, tradespeople. English gets you far in the capital, in finance, and among the 46.6% of residents who are themselves foreign; it thins out fast in village life and paperwork. Luxembourgish matters for one thing above all: citizenship — the Sproochentest requires A2 spoken / B1 listening. The state subsidises Luxembourgish courses heavily, including at the INLL. Start French now, add Luxembourgish when you're serious about the passport.

Your driving licence: a hard deadline

Non-EU licences — US and Canadian included — must be exchanged within one year of taking up residence. The transcription runs through the SNCA (national vehicle authority): application, your licence, a medical certificate less than 3 months old, a police record extract, and a €30 fee. Some licence categories can require an additional test. Miss the year and your licence is no longer valid in Luxembourg — you'd start from zero with the full theory and practical exams, in French or German. Do this in month one, not month eleven.

TaskDeadline / cost
Declaration of arrival at your communeWithin 3 days of arrival
Licence exchange (SNCA)Within 1 year · €30 + medical certificate
Pets (from US/CA)ISO microchip → rabies shot ≥21 days before travel → EU health certificate endorsed by USDA-APHIS or CFIA
Getting aroundAll trains (2nd class), trams and buses free nationwide — the first country in the world to do it
Utilities and admin: your commune is the front door for most local services — waste, parking permits, registrations. Electricity and gas are open markets; internet is fast and widely fibre. Everything official can be done in French, German or often English at the bigger communes — MyGuichet.lu handles a growing share online.
In this section

Guides

Coming soon

Exchanging your licence, step by step

The SNCA forms, the medical certificate, and which categories trigger a test.

Coming soon

Learning the languages, realistically

Free and subsidised courses, what A2 Luxembourgish takes at 60, and where English actually suffices.

Coming soon

Bringing your pet

The EU health certificate, airline realities, and the vet system here.

Sources

  1. Guichet.lu — Having a foreign driving licence registered, exchanged or converted: guichet.public.lu; transports.public.lu — registration, exchange and transfer
  2. Languages — luxembourg.public.lu (2018 Ministry of National Education study): luxembourg.public.lu
  3. Free public transport: transports.public.lu
  4. Population and nationalities: STATEC, 1 Jan 2026: statistiques.public.lu
  5. Pet travel to the EU: USDA-APHIS and CFIA export requirements (EU health certificate rules)
  6. INLL — Luxembourgish courses and the Sproochentest: inll.lu
This page is general information. Licence and pet rules have exceptions by category and origin; confirm with the SNCA and your airline/vet before travel.
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